Plurality opinion on whether Confrontation Clause permits the prosecution to introduce an analyst’s forensic report through an expert witness; plurality holds in this case Clause did not preclude an expert’s testimony that defendant’s DNA profile matched a vaginal swab semen DNA profile produced by a Cellmark analyst who did not testify.

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Apprendi v. New Jersey requires a jury resolution of facts on which imposition of a criminal fine rests.

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In civil contempt proceedings to enforce child support, “where . . . the custodial parent (entitled to receive the support) is unrepresented by counsel, the State need not provide counsel to the noncustodial parent (required to provide the support),” subject to the “caveat . . . that the State must nonetheless have in place alternative procedures that assure a fundamentally fair determination of the critical incarceration-related question, whether the supporting parent is able to comply with the support order.”

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Advice that a suspect has “the right to talk to a lawyer before answering any of [the law enforcement officers’] questions,” and that he can invoke this right “at any time. . . during th[e] interview,” satisfies Miranda requirement of advice of suspect’s right to have a lawyer with him during interrogation.

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Overrules Michigan v. Jackson holding that once a suspect has claimed the Sixth Amendment right to a lawyer, any later waiver of that right during police questioning would be invalid, unless the suspect initiates communication with the officers.

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